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1.选择库

xlwt： 写入.xls excel 文件（单元格的样式处理）

xlwings： 将 .xls另存为.xlsx

openpyxl：行的组合

1.xlwt的单元格样式：

# 1、简单使用workbook = xlwt.Workbook()  # 创建一个工作簿worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet1')worksheet.write(0,0,"dwdwedwedwed")workbook.save('./excel/2formatting1.xls')  # 保存文件# 2、加上自定义样式import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet2')style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # 初始化样式font = xlwt.Font()  # 为样式创建字体font.name = 'Times New Roman'font.bold = True  # 黑体font.underline = True  # 下划线font.italic = True  # 斜体字style.font = font  # 设定样式worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Unformatted value')  # 不带样式的写入worksheet.write(1, 0, 'Formatted value', style)  # 带样式的写入workbook.save('./excel/2formatting2.xls')  # 保存文件 # 3、 设置单元格宽度import xlwt# workbook = xlwt.Workbook()  # 默认ascii码workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet3')worksheet.write(0, 0, 'My Cell Contents')worksheet.write(2, 2, 'My Cell Contents2')# 设置单元格宽度worksheet.col(0).width = 10000# worksheet.col(2).width = 4440workbook.save('./excel/3cell_width3.xls') # 4、输入一个日期到单元格import xlwtimport datetimeworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet4')style = xlwt.XFStyle()style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY'# Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style)  # 带样式的写入workbook.save('./excel/4Excel_Workbook4.xls') # 5、向单元格添加一个公式import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet5')worksheet.write(0, 0, 5)  # Outputs 5worksheet.write(0, 1, 2)  # Outputs 2worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1'))  # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2])worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)'))  # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2])workbook.save('./excel/5Excel_Workbook.xls') # 6、向单元格添加一个超链接import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook()worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet6')worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")'))# Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.comworkbook.save('./excel/6Excel_Workbook6.xls') # 7、 合并列和行import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8")worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet7') # 前两个数字代表行，后两个数字表示列worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'First Merge')  # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3.font = xlwt.Font()  # Create Fontfont.bold = True  # Set font to Boldstyle = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style   给文本加格式style.font = font  # Add Bold Font to Styleworksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, 'Second Merge', style)  # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3.workbook.save('./excel/7Excel_Workbook.xls') # 8、 设置单元格内容的对其方式import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8")worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet8')alignment = xlwt.Alignment()  # Create Alignmentalignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER#May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTEDalignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER#May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTEDstyle = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Stylestyle.alignment = alignment  # Add Alignment to Styleworksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)workbook.save('./excel/8Excel_Workbook.xls') # 9、为单元格议添加边框import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8")worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet9')borders = xlwt.Borders()  # Create Bordersborders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED  # DASHED  虚线    NO_LINE  没有   THIN   实线# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHEDborders.top = xlwt.Borders.NO_LINEborders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THINborders.left_colour = 0x40borders.right_colour = 0x40borders.top_colour = 0x40borders.bottom_colour = 0x40style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Stylestyle.borders = borders  # Add Borders to Styleworksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)workbook.save('./excel/9Excel_Workbook.xls') # 10、为单元格设置背景色import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8")worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet10')pattern = xlwt.Pattern()  # Create the Patternpattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN  # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5# May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create the Patternstyle.pattern = pattern  # Add Pattern to Style

例：本次只使用了颜色：

2.xlwings xls到xlsx格式的转换：

app = xlwings.App(visible=False, add_book=False)app.display_alerts = Falseapp.screen_updating = FalsexlwingsWorkExcel = app.books.open(fileName.replace(".edf", "") + ".xls")xlwingsWorkExcel.save(fileName.replace(".edf", "") + ".xlsx")xlwingsWorkExcel.close()

3.openpyxl 单元格的合并

workSheet.row_dimensions.group(groupBeginLine, groupEndLine, outline_level=1, hidden=True)

groupBeginLine：合并的开始行groupEndLine：合并的结束行outline_level：合并的级数hidden：是否整合例：

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